Inspiritus Equine, Inc.
Integrated Soundness Solutions (sm)
...Reveal the Equus Within!
Dr. Joanna Robson, DVM, CVSMT, CMP
707-738-7110
The GTO, no, it’s not a car or a government agency.  It’s the Golgi Tendon Organ, and it lives at the
junctions of our muscles and tendons to prevent ripping and overstretching. The Golgi Tendon Organ
could be thought of as the Golgi TENSION organ, while the MSC (muscle spindle complex) is the
structure responding to stretch.

Most of the time we’re lucky enough that while walking or running down the street, if we misstep, we
“catch ourselves.”  Yes, we’ve all had a strain or sprain, but when things are working the way they
should in harmony, the GTO steps up to prevent us from overstretching our muscles and tendons while
being clutzy.

Think of a horse running over steep or rocky terrain.  They are able to do this without breaking a leg
because the fit animal has primed GTO’s as its muscles flex and extend.  When that misstep occurs, the
GTO is already prepared to prevent the injury.  However, when fatigued or out of balance, these little
anatomical wonders may not be able to do their jobs.  A racehorse that breaks down on the track is
often later found to have had hairline fractures or other fatigue injuries where the muscle and tendons
couldn’t do their jobs.






















The muscle spindle complex contains a nuclear bag and a nuclear chain fiber. Sensory innervation from
the MSC enters the spinal cord and sends branches to the IML and synapses on alpha and gamma
motor neurons that change the extrafusile fibers and the motor endplates of the MSC.  The GTO sends
a B-fiber that synapses and sends inhibitory information to the alpha and gamma fibers causing them to
relax and preventing spasm or tearing of the muscle.

So how does the GTO help our cause?  The GTO becomes primed when the practitioner brings the
subluxation into tension.  The GTO causes a reflexive relaxation of the muscle attached to the
subluxation upon High Velocity Low Amplitude Thrust, thereby allowing the body’s innate intelligence to
bring that subluxation back into a more normal plane of alignment. We’re not moving mountains or using
brute force to achieve our goals, we’re stimulating some of the body’s smallest microscopic players to
help achieve harmony.

So is it all a sleight of hand? No – from a physiologic cause and effect standpoint, a good adjustment
should look subtle and quick. Trying to muscle a joint into position has the complete opposite desired
effect, will increase tension, and will likely result in an unhappy patient and client.
...Reveal the Equus Within!
Dr. Joanna Robson, DVM, CVSMT, CMP, VA, SFT
707-738-7110
Joanna Robson, DVM,
CVSMT, CMP, VA, SFT
707-738-7110